Accounting Software Installation Project Free Essays

The Accounting Software Installation Project (from Larson, E. E. , and Gray, C. We will compose a custom exposition test on Bookkeeping Software Installation Project or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now F. , 2011 Project Management †the administrative procedure, fifth version p441) Sitting in her office, Karin Chung is looking into the previous four months of the huge corporate bookkeeping programming establishment venture she has been overseeing. Everything appeared to be so very much arranged before the task began. Each organization division had a team that gave contribution to the proposed establishment alongside expected issues. All the various divisions had been prepared and advised on precisely how their division would interface and utilize the approaching bookkeeping programming. Every one of the six temporary workers, which included one of the Big Five counseling organizations, helped with building up the work breakdown structureâ€costs, determinations, time. Karin recruited a specialist to direct a one-day â€Å"partnering† workshop went to by the significant bookkeeping heads, an individual from each team gathering, and key agents from every one of the contractual workers. During the workshop, a few diverse group building practices were utilized to represent the significance of joint effort and successful correspondence. Everybody chuckled when Karin fell into a fanciful corrosive pit during a human scaffold building exercise. The workshop finished on a peppy note with everybody marking a joining forces sanction that communicated their promise to cooperating as accomplices to finish the venture. TWO MONTHS LATER One team part came to Karin to gripe that the temporary worker managing charging would not tune in to his interests about issues that could happen in the Virginia division when billings are merged. The temporary worker had let him know, the team part, he had more serious issues than solidification of charging in the Virginia division. Karin answered, â€Å"You can settle the issue with the temporary worker. Go to him and clarify how genuine your concern is and that it should be settled before the task is finished. † Later in the week in the break room she caught one counseling temporary worker sassing crafted by anotherâ€â€Å"never on schedule, interface coding not tried. † In the lobby that day a bookkeeping office chief disclosed to her that tests indicated the new programming will never be perfect with the Georgia division’s bookkeeping rehearses. While concerned, Karin considered these issues commonplace of the sort she had experienced on other littler programming ventures. Case FOUR MONTHS LATER The venture appeared to be self-destructing. What befell the inspirational mentality cultivated at the group building workshop? One contractual worker composed a proper letter griping that another temporary worker was perched on a coding choice that was deferring their work. The letter went on: â€Å"We can't be considered capable or at risk for delays brought about by others. The task was at that point two months behind, so issues were getting genuine and genuine. Karin at long last chose to assemble a conference of all gatherings to the undertaking and banding together understanding. She started by requesting issues individuals were experiencing while at the same time taking a shot at the venture. Despite the fact that members were hesitant to be first inspired by a paranoid fear of being seen as a whiner, it was not some time bef ore allegations and emotions flared crazy. It was in every case some gathering whining about another gathering. A few members whined that others were perched on choices that brought about their work being held up. One advisor stated, â€Å"It is difficult to tell who’s responsible for what. † Another member griped that despite the fact that the gathering met independently on little issues, it never met as an absolute gathering to evaluate new hazard circumstances that created. Karin felt the gathering had deteriorated into an unrecoverable circumstance. Duty to the undertaking and banding together gave off an impression of being melting away. She immediately chose to stop the gathering and chill things off. She addressed the task partners: â€Å"It is certain that we have some difficult issues, and the venture is in peril. The task must refocus, and the conniving must stop. I need every one of us to go to a gathering Friday morning with solid proposals of what it will take to get the undertaking in the groove again and explicit activities of how we can get it going. We have to perceive our shared association and take our associations with one another back to a success/win condition. At the point when we do get things in the groove again, we have to make sense of how to remain on target. † The most effective method to refer to Accounting Software Installation Project, Papers

Characteristics of civilized societies and civilization Assignment

Attributes of enlightened social orders and human advancement - Assignment Example â€Å"A Labyrinth that housed the Minotaur, a colossal animal, half man and half bull, the result of the association of Minos’s spouse Pasiphae with a bull. Minos claimed from Athens an ordinary tribute of seven young men and seven young ladies, who was sent to be eaten up by the Minotaur. The Athenian saint Theseus elected to stop the horrifying tribute. He went to Knossos with the new gathering of planned casualties and, with the assistance of the king’s girl Ariadne, executed the Minotaur in its sanctuary in the Labyrinth. He at that point got away with Ariadne and the Athenian young men and young ladies. Theseus later surrendered Ariadne on the island of Naxos, however the god Dionysus found her there and helped her† (Cunningham and Reich).What part of the principal section most charmed you?The human progress process/stage among the Greeks. The procedure was moderate yet interesting in light of the fact that the measure of innovation was limited.â The draft smen thought of various structure models including doric and iconic.How did the physical topography of Greece influence the improvement of the states?The mountains isolated the city states; thus the states had the option to create independently.What are the reasons for the numerous logical inconsistencies in Classical Greek mythology?There is no solid proof that backs the occasions in the legends. Twisting of the first occasions is inclined to occur, prompting contradictions.How did the Doric style vary from the Ionic style or request of engineering (think about the base, capital, frieze)? Hoplite-meaning an equipped infantry.

Occupational Safety and Health Act Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Word related Safety and Health Act - Assignment Example These infringement are culpable in an alternate way and it is the obligation of the controller to guarantee certain guidelines are accomplished and suggest in occurrences where the laws are abused. As much as the laws were instituted to ensure laborers there is have to concentrate on the perspectives on the businesses. The private divisions contention on the administration encompassing the OSH demonstration is unjustified. There is have to concentrate on the requirement for guideline. Guidelines in any industry are intended to set measures to be achieved by players inside the business. The guidelines under the demonstration are answerable for the present rights and opportunity delighted in by the laborers inside a given industry. The controller, regardless, should an impartial so as to guarantee a reasonable stage where those irritated or influenced can look for equity. For this situation disappointments by the businesses to direct themselves have welcomed the administration under the OSHA to set gauges to be trailed by the businesses. The laws are expected to guarantee a protected working space. The representatives ought to be secure in their particular workstation. The antiquated practice by the workers has been the relic of days gone by. The quantity of passings and business related wounds has diminished radically. The push for the word related security and Health act was activated by the working conditions under which the representatives were exposed to. The pre-OSHA time was described by businesses who were keen on benefit making instead of laborers security. The private segment disappointments to guarantee security among its workspaces incited the instatement of the OSHA demonstration. The contention ought to be on what options the private businesses need to guarantee the laborers are sheltered. The absence of elective measures demonstrates how activity by the private bosses set off the demonstration being marked in 1970. The weighty fines under the demonstration are measures to guarantee the principles are followed enough.

Ethics of Ending Birth Control Coverage - 825 Words

Ethics of Ending Birth Control Coverage (Essay Sample) Content: The Ethics of Ending Birth Control Coverage Name: Course: Instructor: Institution: Date of Submission: The Ethics of Ending Birth Control Coverage The decision by Hobby Lobby and Wheaton College to decline birth control coverage to their employees or students because birth control use violates the religious principles is ethical. In the case of Wheaton College – which has decided to end all student health care coverage in order to avoid violating the regulations of the Affordable Care Act – can also be defended on ethical grounds. To begin with, religious freedoms must not be infringed under any circumstances, unless there is evidence that that goes against the existing rules and regulations. Wheaton College is founded on a strong Christian foundation. It is therefore important that the institution defends this position aggressively. Without this position, the college losses its uniqueness and becomes just like any other secular one. Besides, the reasons fronted for not wanting to provide contraceptives are valid. Contraceptives like intrauterine devices and FDA-approved morning-after pills, which work by preventing a fertilized egg from attaching to the uterus for implantation, are simply abortions inducing (Rhonheimer & Murphy, 2010). Given the fact that the Church is strongly against abortion – and Wheaton College is a Christian institution – there are strong moral grounds as to why the college cannot continue to provide coverage for contraceptives. To be fair enough, it is not that these institutions have forbidden their members from accessing contraceptives. All that they have done is to simply refuse to provide then. If anyone wants to make use of them, they are free to get them through their own private means. They can purchase then from other providers. The only difference is that they would not get them for free or through insurance from the college. Therefore, all that the institutions have done is to refuse to be part of implementing a decision that they consider unethical and immoral. It is within their rights to do so. Anyone wanting such services can simply get them from the many other providers who offer them. There is the view that when it comes to Wheaton College, ending all healthcare services so as not to provide contraceptives is going too far and amounts to blasting mosquitoes with rifles. However, to say so is to misunderstand the situation. There is simply no way that the college can provide healthcare coverage while excluding the provision of contraceptives. If it were to do so, it would open the avenues to countless lawsuits. The only way to do so is to not provide healthcare coverage all together. This is not an easy decision. As a matter of fact, the college regrets that it has to pull such a radical move. Leaving hundreds without healthcare insurance so as to avoid providing contraceptives is taking a measure that borders on the extreme. However, to fail to do so would violate a principle that is so dear to the institution (Hammaker, Knadig, & Tomlinson, 2016). Such a principle ought to be jealously guarded. Besides, it is not farfetched to state that the government was already counting on that while making the legislation. It knew the institution would be in a dilemma in choosing to defend its principles and letting hundreds go without insurance. Unfortunately, organizations like Hobby Lobby and Wheaton College chose to uphold and defend their religious beliefs and would not allow themselves to be arm twisted by the government through tricky legislations. To make the argument above is not to mean that this essay does not appreciate the importance of birth control and the role of contraceptives in managing parenthood. Birth control is important. It helps people manage families and give birth to children that they can raise comfortably. It is important in reducing poverty levels. Therefore, this is not an argument against contraceptive s but rather a defense of the ethics of choosing not to provide them, when their provision flies against religious freedoms. No matter how good birth control is, institutions must never be tricked, arm...

Homelessness Is More Than Ruthlessness Essay - 1206 Words

Homelessness is about more than ruthlessness. A home is not just a physical space; it also has a legal and a social dimension. A home provides roots, identity, and a sense of belonging and a place of emotional wellbeing. Homelessness is about the loss of all of these. It is an isolating and destructive experience and homeless people are some of the most vulnerable and socially excluded in our society. After years of declining trends, 2010 marked the turning point when all forms of homelessness began to rise. However, it is likely that homelessness will increase yet further, as the delayed effects of the economic downturn, cuts to housing benefit and other reforms all start to bite. A survey of people experiencing homelessness found that over 70 per cent were suffering from a physical health problem. This included respiratory problems, joint and muscle problems and stomach problems. There are many reasons why a person becomes homeless lack of affordable housing, loss of a job, divorce, illness, substance abuse, domestic abuse. One of the first steps you can take toward helping the homeless is trying to understand how they got there in the first place. Homeless people can be affected by various situations such as health and mental issues, family issues and having no job. The government currently offers food banks, job training and housing, but not to every homeless person. This is wrong because it would not be fair to other people, the government should offer this help to allShow MoreRelatedBill Gates s Role Of Leadership And Command1723 Words   |  7 Pagestake long before Gates had written his first piece of programming on the computer: a computer game which allowed users to play digital Tic-Tac-Toe. At this time he met Paul Allen, who would become a lifelong friend. Allen was 2 years older than Gates, and was more reserved in his demeanor. Bill on the other hand, was eager, loud, and aggressive. This lead to many conflicts between the two, leading Allen to ban Bill from the computer lab several times. They quickly became best friends, sharing a loveRead More mafia Essay1849 Words   |  8 Pagesbrutal thugs that killed with no feelings of remorse. They were bank-robbers, drug dealers, casino owners, hit men and pimps. They were the Mafia of the 1920s and 1930s. These degenerates played an important role in American history, they were more than just bank-robbers and gunslingers, and they were men that affected all facets of society. They were celebrities, some of the most recognized men in America. Their evil deeds made the front page of every newspaper. They were some of the richest menRead MoreThe World Has Become A Global Village Due Communication Revolution2204 Words   |  9 Pagessociological problems itcan be tackled in an interesting manner. The Indian women writers have touched the core of these issues- cross cultural conflicts between the two cultures. In the changed situation feeling of anguish, loneliness and ruthlessness or homelessness can be observed to examine these facts. The tension in their life has increased due to their actual circumstances. Despite of their assimilation they cannot escape from these problems of realization. The world has become global and it hasRead MoreEriksons Psychosocial Development Theory10839 Wor ds   |  44 Pageswhich help us to grow. Eriksons wonderful theory helps to tell us why. The theory is helpful for child development, and adults too. For the lite version, heres a quick diagram and summary. Extra details follow the initial overview. For more information than appears on this page, read Eriksons books; he was an award-winning writer and this review does not convey the richness of Eriksons own explanations. Its also interesting to see how his ideas develop over time, perhaps aided by his own journeyRead MoreThe Function of the Landscape Description in Tess of the D’urbervilles5367 Words   |  22 Pagesthat indicate the fate of Tess, symbolize what Tess is feeling and thinking and predict a series of tortures that Tess will suffer from. 2.1 Marlott 2.1.1 Tess’s hometown Marlott is not only Tess’s hometown where she indeed spends her happy times, more sarcastically, it is also the birth place of Tess’s tragedy. It is a beautiful place and â€Å"lay[s] amid the north-eastern undulations of the beautiful Vale of Blackmoor aforesaid, an engirdled and secluded region†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"this [is a] fertile and sheltered

Canterbury Tales Essay - The Assertive and Vulnerable...

The Assertive and Vulnerable Wife of Bath Society was different in Chaucers time; males dominated and women were suppressed. The manipulative and destructive nature of women was emphasized by men. Much like Eve in the Bible, women were blamed for the downfall of man. Through the Wife of Bath, Chaucer investigates the difficulty of self-realization for a woman in this restrictive environment. The wife of bath, Alison, represents antifeminist stereotypes and searches for happiness and a place in a patriarchal society. Unfortunately, Alison is never in tune with who she really is as a woman. Chaucer uses a series of ironies to eventually show that under her seemingly confident guise, there hides the soul of a vulnerable, lost†¦show more content†¦Her weakness in that she contradicts herself reveals that subconsciously, she is unsure of herself and of what she really wants. While consciously, she appears firm and strong, disapproving of the anti-feminists, her lack of understanding of herself results in failed atte mpts to earn herself respect and rights from a narrow-minded society. Apart from denouncing the harsh views that the anti-feminists have of women, Alison, too, rebels against the expectation that women should be treated as a mere possession of their husbands. Alison expressly resents the males of her time who control women, seeking freedom, We cannot love a husband who takes charge of where we go(267). Therefore, ideally a marital relationship should be reciprocal. Ironically though, Alison seeks for complete domination, For mine will be the power over all his life/Over his proper body, and not he262. She abuses her first three husbands, and states that the husbands are her slaves(262). Looking upon marriage as a method of gaining money and power, Alison coerces her husbands into handing over their property in return for sexual favors. I never would abide/In bed with them if hands began to slide/Till they had promised ransom, paid a fee(269). She uses the men, Theyd given me their treasure/And so I had no need of diligence/or showing reverence (26 4). Alison looks down upon her husbands. Ironically,

Statistical Analysis Data Type

Question: Discuss about theStatistical Analysisfor Data Type. Answer: This statistical paper discusses about analysis of statistics for the retail on for January 2017. This paper also throws light on the description of data, data type, data sources as well as measurement scale. The paper also describes the concepts of probability, data presentation and the statistical interference. The data that has been provided is been published and distributed in Common Bank Wealth of Australia. This source of data has been mentioned in the article. The source of data that has been provided gives us the idea of growth of retail trade in the cities of Australia. The data that is provided in the form of graph is fundamentally a time series data and it has been collected for the time span of January 2011 to January 2017 for the percentage of change in the retail trade, January 2012 to January 2016 for the data of trend and annual percentage of change and June 2010 to 2016 for depicting the annual percentage of change in between goods and services. In this data collection the author has followed the secondary data collection method. The collected data as well as the statistical study does not depend on the primary data as primary data incorporates questionnaire and interview of the first source (OLeary, 2013). This data collection has been done from specified journal and after studying the journal or website the author has implemented those data in form of graph and theory. Therefore, it is a secondary data collection as the article contains graph and theoretical interpretations. Quantitative as well as Qualitative data analysis has been done in this article (Clark, 2013). The article contains graph and its interpretations both in numeric as well as theoretical studies. As the article contains numeric analysis therefore it is a Quantitative analysis and as it contains theoretical interpretations like achieving the link in between confidence, tourism and retail it is also a Qualitative analysis (Pierce Swayer, 2013). The measur ement scale is based on the time span, retail trade, and change in retail trade across the cities of Australia and difference of retail trade for goods and service. The variables of the measurement scale are been highlighted in the graphical interpretation. Considering the level of measurement scale the scales are been categorized in four parts: Nominal level: This scale is the considered to be the primary level of measurement. In this scale the presence of numbers are used for the data classification. This scale has no order as it only helps in labelling the variables. Ordinal level: It is the second scale for measurement. It exhibits the relationship of orders in the variables which are been observed. However this scale has order present in it but those orders are not meaningful within interval in term of statistical measurement (Pedhazur Schmelkin, 2013). Interval level: It is considered to be third level of the scale for measurement. The data are been classified and the orders are meaningful in this level. It helps in relating the distance to the interval when plotted on graph. This scale is equivalent but no starting point is present in this level (DeVellis, 2016). Ratio level: This is the forth and the ultimate level of scale for measurement. The observation in this level have equal and equivalent interval. This interval also consists of a true zero. As there is a true zero therefore, this scale has the true starting point. As the scale has true starting point therefore this level is unique from the other various levels. The time span in this article is considered to be the nominal scale of measurement as the time variable that exists only classifies the data of time interval. Time span is also constant and therefore, it is rightly adjudged to be the nominal scale. The change in retail trade, change in retail trade across cities and difference of retail trade for goods and service are all in the ratio level scale of measurement. All these three are considered to be in ratio level because they all contain the true starting level and zero is present in the scale. Moreover, they have well defined interval and the orders are also been defined excellently. Therefore, presence of definite intervals with orders and the existence of true starting points make the variables to be present in ratio level scale of measurement. In the given article the data has been summarised both in graphical form and theoretical studies. The theoretical study explains the linkage of confidence, tourism and retail in an excellent way. As the data has been presented both in graph as well as theoretical discussion therefore it is very much helpful to comprehend about the retail trade growth of Australia. The source of the data provided for this article is both statistical inference as well as descriptive. Data is considered to be descriptive because it gives a links in between confidence, retail and tourism. Over there it is mentioned that the link present in between the confidence of consumer and retail is not that strong because the rise of retail is only a modest percentage of 3.1. Therefore the inference drawn from here is that the condition of retail is competitive as the customers are driven by sale. The link between tourism and retail shows that activity of retail increased heavily if tourism increases. The inference drawn over here is that number of hotels should be increased and bigger airports are needed for the increase in retail trade turnover. The other statistical inference that are also been exhibited are the rise in retail by 0.4% in January. This increase in retail trade is mainly due to the contribution of households, furniture, hardware and electrical goods. But th ere is a fall in the departmental stores of clothing and food. The location measured in this article is the cities of Australia. The article clearly shows the data provided is of Australia for the last six years. In this article the variance measured is in the variation of retail trade, change in retail trade across the cities of Australia and difference of retail trade for goods and service. The probability concepts determines that if the tourism is not improving then the retail sector will depend on the household goods, furniture and electrical goods for increasing their sales. The food and the clothing department will soon going to face major crisis (DeFusco et al., 2015). The author has nicely used the comparison of variance over here so there is no requirement for any recommendations as the graphs used over here are also having defined intervals. Conclusively it can be said after reviewing the article that the department of food and cloth are going face major upset in terms of increasing their sales. Their increase of sales largely depends on the increase of tourism. Therefore, the main dependent source of increasing the growth of retail sector is household goods. Reference List Clark, G. (2013). 5 Secondary data.Methods in Statistics, 57. DeFusco, R. A., McLeavey, D. W., Pinto, J. E., Runkle, D. E., Anson, M. J. (2015).Quantitative investment analysis. John Wiley Sons. DeVellis, R. F. (2016).Scale development: Theory and applications(Vol. 26). Sage publications. O'Leary, Z. (2013).The essential guide to doing your research project. Sage. Pedhazur, E. J., Schmelkin, L. P. (2013).Measurement, design, and analysis: An integrated approach. Psychology Press. Pierce, W. C., Sawyer, D. T. (2013).Quantitative analysis. John Wiley And Sons, Inc; London; Toppon Company, Ltd; Japan.

Visual Black Culture Essay Example For Students

Visual Black Culture Essay Discrimination against African Americans within the United States has been a recognised problem for decades. Many were forced into sub standard accommodation in areas of cities, which came to be known as ghettos during the first, half of the twentieth century. Within the ghettos the African American community became a segregated underclass. The poverty experienced by the black community was amplified by the discrimination in employment, the better jobs being reserved for white workers. More recently, during the 70s and 80s, campaigns have been set up to end the segregation of the black community. Although the majority of white community agrees with the principal of these campaigns, many still have problems with the practical implications. The result is that urban segregation in the United States is still a serious problem. In the early 80s the United States got pretty rich, young people were getting more successful and women were making it in business more than ever before. Changes like this were obviously being picked up on by the art world. New, or neo expressionism was beginning to appear and work to do with age, gender and ethnic background was becoming more and more popular. We will write a custom essay on Visual Black Culture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The art world imitated the financial world and started to charge huge prices for the work of big name artists. At this time not just artists were celebrities some gallery owners and dealers were getting as much praise such as Mary Boone. The most interesting thing to come out of the period was the way that work that was post-modern was becoming more recognised. That is at least from the point of view of the gallery. It is thought that the first writer in New York, if not the first to get noticed, was TAKI 183. He was called so as he lived on 183rd street and his real name was Dimitrius, the Greek name for which Taki is a nickname. His name appeared so regularly because he had a job as a messenger and this meant that he had to ride the subway a lot. So he wrote his name or tag on most of the trains and stations. This inspired a whole load of other kids to do the same and after an article in The New York Times hundreds of kids wanted their name on the subway cars as well. The effect was snowballing and tags were everywhere. Credit started to be given only to those who could tag somewhere that was hard to reach as a tag would stand alone rather than be crowded by others. Although most graffiti was seen in the seventies and eighties it did in fact start in the late sixties. New York kids started to write their names on the walls, doors and bins and anywhere else they could. Like TAKI 183 they did not use their real names, but instead used psudonomes. This meant that only a select few would know who they were. Graffiti was also used as territorial message amongst gangs who want to claim an area as their own. It only really became an art form when people had to develop their tags to stand out from those of the masses. The vandal was becoming an artist. Tags of peoples names were becoming logos. The lettering was played around with so it would become easily recognizable to other writers. After some time colour was added and as it was the size or the paintings grew. Style became as important as the words, which continued to grow until such masterpieces filled entire walls or train carriages. The top to bottom whole car is an entire carriage of a train painted from roof to wheels, including walls and doors. This is almost always the greatest achievement for a writer although some gangs or crews have completed whole trains. In the eighties graffiti swayed towards mainstream fine art but never went that far and stayed a culture rather than a genre. These days it is in every city in the world. A great deal of people do not understand the depth of what is behind graffiti. Although graffiti is relatively young in most peoples eyes, it is really no different from cave man paintings. These were made on the walls of the caves using blood or ash. These works were of events that were relevant to their times. The Romans painted frescos on whole walls as a source of decoration. Monks in Italy left writings on walls for other monks. Calligraphy and the over usage of serifs in the script hid these secret messages. This meant that the general population if they could read at all would not understand these messages. These monks had created a beautiful, yet difficult to understand, style of writing. Words becoming art, This may sound familiar. Wildstyle is extremely similar, in that it is rare for a non-writer, or at least somebody who is not into the scene, to be able to read a well put together piece done in wildstyle. The highly evolved and complex wildstyle, energetic interlocking construction of letters and arrows and other forms that signify movement and direction . .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a , .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a .postImageUrl , .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a , .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a:hover , .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a:visited , .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a:active { border:0!important; } .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a:active , .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue738b7fe012c823319052d324ee20e4a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pop Culture EssayNot all writers enjoy wildstyle writing, as it can be very hard to read. Strangely enough that is the reason it is loved by others. It is like a code that only they understand, like being part of secret club. Older artists would often take a new writer or toy under their wing. The new apprentice would get to do jobs like filling in blocks of colour, or even just stand as a look out. In return they would be taught new skills and different styles of lettering. They would also get to tag below the piece, which would give them credit with fellow young writers. Some say you can not just learn wildstyle in the same way a musician must learn to read music before they can use there own improvisation. According to Dez, there is no easy way to learn the complicated wildstyle and no substitute for time, when you first start up and a writer gives you a style, it aint easy to do it, so it be better to start from throw ups to straight letter to semi-wildstyle to wildstyle, then you can do anything you want after that. Rather than try to make you first piece a burner and it looks wak, just work your way up the trains aint goin nowhere' . Sometimes small wars break out between writers when two or more artists will strive to be the best on a particular train line. Whoever gets his or her name up on the trains the most will win the territory. A writer who is up that much is known as a king of that train line. It is better and more respected by other artists to get your name up on train carriages all over the line and still maintain good quality and style. A true king though, must write all over a line. However good they may be in artistic skill if he only does a couple of great pieces they will be forgotten quickly if they are few in numbers. A king is a writer that everyone wants to write with or fight with . The writers dont use their real names. They make up names that are sometimes jokes or are insults to their enemies or the law. They can also have a name handed down to them from a writer who may want to retire, and has taught them their style. That way they get a good name and the old writer gets his name to conti nue to ride the train lines. To get more pieces of graffiti up writers would often unite and form crews of artists; crazy inside artistsCIA the public artistsTPA and the magnificent teamTMT. Although most of the members of such crews were closely linked together, many would belong to two or even more. This is why there are sometimes many initials on one piece of work. New younger writers would often write the initials of a crew that were highly respected amongst other writers on their own piece. If that crew found out that it had happened they would spray out their initials. Sometimes they would go over the whole piece, something that shows great disrespect. After graffiti had been around for a while the fine art world started to take interest in certain artists. These critics and artists could see the value of graffiti. Its expression had been noted, along with the fact that it was starting to grow out of its urban culture. It was time for graffiti to move into a gallery. Probably the most famous of writers to be accepted as a fine artist was Jean Michel Basquiat. He grew up in New York and got into street and subway graffiti at an early age. After high school he had no official art training, but he had a great interest in comic book, Egyptian and childrens art. By nineteen seventy-nine he had started to associate with fine artists and musicians, he also started to make paintings on canvasses. In nineteen eighty he was commissioned for a Times Square show. He painted a large wall in mixed media including spray cans. His work continued and he was loved by most of the art world. Some people said that he was primitive and at the same time genius. It was not long before the art establishment started to exploit him. This came at about the same time as his drug problems started to get dangerous. He died in nineteen eighty-eight of an overdose at the early age of twenty-seven. Jean Michel Basquiat was a great consumer whatever he encountered. He would simply swallow and then produce work, in respect to whatever the subject was. Whether it was graffiti or childrens drawings that he used he had a talent for including strangely diverse materials into his work. Basquiat would appropriate images from various areas into his work including things like friends childrens drawings, pictures from chemistry textbooks and elements from the bible. He used things like this as his visual language and arranged them in an eccentric way. Through his life and career he re-edited these symbols with reference to sex, black culture and t. v. Basquiat was very poetic his use of words was incompetant and yet genius at the same time. .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d , .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d .postImageUrl , .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d , .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d:hover , .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d:visited , .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d:active { border:0!important; } .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d:active , .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u59e8a347e5ffed361ab4eb4c39c4e89d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: American And Nigerian Culture EssayThe issues within Basquiats work are based mainly around three things firstly, the conflict between life and death, secondly, the greed and stupidity of the art world and thirdly black issues concerning racism. There were times when he had lived on the streets, so it was not as though he painted about these subjects in vain. Even once he was famous, he was still treated with prejudice. Upon visiting Bloomingdales in New York with Andy Warhol, Basquiat intended to purchase a $3000 gift certificate for his mother. But when he took out his gold American express card he was asked for further identification. Even when he was with one of the worlds most famous artists, Basquiat was still treated with a mixture of racism and suspicion . Also, living on the streets of New York made him more aware of what it means to be alive and what it feels like to be faced with death. In his final self-portrait, Riding with Death, he is placed on a skeletal horse as a skeleton himself. its composition is strikingly similar to both a well known drawing by Leonardo da Vinci and, even more, to Julian Schnabels 1980 painting entitled Death also portrayed as a skeletal rider on a skeletal horse. The writings of Samo his alter ego were similar to the themes that he used in his later work; capitalism, morality, consumerism, racism and popular culture. All through his life he kept student like sketch books these were filled with his art and his verse. Four of these books were published in nineteen ninety three, after they were left at a friends house. In the works by Basquiat that include no text he used icons as irony rather than effect. Many say his real strength was style of composition, which is almost a visual equivalent of freestyle jazz. In that it is crazy but well put together. Basquiat drew like a child not to say that he was not a great artist but that he had the freedom of a child. He would use strokes with a brush without any hesitation or doubt. He would rarely work in silence, there would often be a TV in the room or there would be music playing. Either of the above would often filter into his work. Another of his skills was to absorb random sources and make them his own through his technique. In seventy eight he sold out exposing him and his friend Al Diez as Samo. He accepted one hundred dollars from a news paper for this but that was not the only thing he gained. His rise to fame had begun. Many of his early canvasses were similar to that of his Samo writings with some images as well. At this time Basqiat was also making small artifacts as wall as paintings, these included baseballs postcards and items of clothing adorned with his own logo manmade. After a while he had enough money to by decent materials and reference books. His awareness of art expanded and his usage of his visual language became more relevant. As first his work was warfare, attacking the art establishment disrespecting its values and rules. He did this by painting on walls in public places that were easily visible to anyone that cared to pass by. He made work for the fun gallery show; this was still blatantly rejecting the white governed art world. This did not stop though, even when he became hugely popular his passion was still motivated by this conflict. Its said that you can only be the best some of the time this was true of Basquiat. When he was working well he would over produce, leaving gaps where his work would not be as strong as it once was. Through his work there spanned a theme of found objects, often wooden things like doors, boxes or easels. Basquiat said on a few occasions that being celebrity was more important to him than the skill and technique of his art. Though he was greatly talented his work did at times become repetitive. He could not edit himself and in a time of such consumerism no one else would do it for him. It would only mean less money for them. His place in art history is constantly under great debate. The argument of whether or not his work was primitive genius or simply fluke will continue. But he is seen as an art hero by many of the young and that is where the future of art lies.

Racism in Television essays

Racism in Television essays Beginning with the first television program ever broadcasted lasting up to the most recent program; racism has been a prevalent issue in American television. Stereotypical roles in society have been excessively exaggerated by television programs, keeping racism alive and breathing in America. The careful selections of ethnicities in role casting have had an exceptionally large impact on American society. Young television viewers are learning at an early age about race and discrimination and are witnessing the ugly impacts of these issues. The television industry is not only a competitive one, but money is priority number one. The best money making program with the best ratings will most always win out. What goes on behind the making of our favorite sitcoms is a mystery to most. A survey by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) found that of 839 writers currently working on primetime shows, just 55 are black, 11 Latino, 3 Asian-American, and zero Native American, meaning minorities make up just 7 percent of primetime network writers . Not only are minorities being underrepresented in lead roles of television programs, they are also discriminated throughout the entire business. The small margin of primetime corporation writers must face racial discrimination in addition to segregation. It is especially rare to find a person of color writing for a primarily white program. Jay Dyer, a successful African-American writer was told This isnt a black show; we dont need a black writer . The stereotyping of characters comes from the writers, especially when corporations are not open to employing writers of different races for the characters. Yet another section of everyday television in America shows another side of discrimination of minorities. Commercials of all kinds promote products to the public; however some do it at other races expenses. Perhaps the m...

Competition in Smartphone Markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Competition in Smartphone Markets - Essay Example For example, Samsung manufactures and sell its products, no other company can make Samsung products. This gives the company a chance to be in the monopolistic competition market. Development of monopolistic competitors in markets is driven by the profits that other firms are making in the market. Firms can make high profits normally called super normal profits based on the brands of their products that make the customers to be loyal to them. The following model shows monopolistic firms making super normal profits (Arnold, 2010). Super normal profits made by monopolistic competitors are indicated by the rectangle PXYZ. The super normal profits arise because the firm is making products of quantity OQ where the profit is at a maximum. This is indicated by the intersection of MC and MR where MR=MC. The price of the products is shown by OP and this is dictated by the demand curve AR. The intersection of MR and MC gives an equilibrium price XQ. The equilibrium price is greater than the ave rage cost indicated by YQ. The supernormal profits are indicated by XY that is the difference between XQ and YQ. To get the total super normal profits, XY is multiplied by PX and the result is the area of the shaded region. Clear analysis of the above graph shows that the price charged (P) is above the average cost (Arnold 2011). The above representation when integrated on one of the smartphones firms will attract other firms to the market. This is because it is free to enter into the market and the firms are motivated by the profits which a firm in the market is making because the graph is sloping downward. The entrance of other firms to the market makes changes in the economic model. In this analysis Apple, the Smartphone maker of the iPhone, is used as a monopolistic competitor in... Super normal profits made by monopolistic competitors are indicated by the rectangle PXYZ. The super normal profits arise because the firm is making products of quantity OQ where the profit is at a maximum. This is indicated by the intersection of MC and MR where MR=MC. The price of the products is shown by OP and this is dictated by the demand curve AR. The intersection of MR and MC gives an equilibrium price XQ. The equilibrium price is greater than the average cost indicated by YQ. The supernormal profits are indicated by XY that is the difference between XQ and YQ. To get the total super normal profits, XY is multiplied by PX and the result is the area of the shaded region. Clear analysis of the above graph shows that the price charged (P) is above the average cost (Arnold 2011). The above representation when integrated on one of the smartphones firms will attract other firms to the market. This is because it is free to enter into the market and the firms are motivated by the profits which a firm in the market is making because the graph is sloping downward. The entrance of other firms to the market makes changes in the economic model. In this analysis Apple, the Smartphone maker of the iPhone, is used as a monopolistic competitor in the market. The profit which is made by the company is shown on the graph. The profit is just for a short-run. In the long-run, other competitors enter the market.

Family-run Business Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Family-run Business - Case Study Example The management primary involves family members though there may be hiring of external labor on special cases or when the business has expended and the family members cannot meet the labor demand of the business. Therefore in this case the business may hire the work of other experts to assist in running the business more so in areas where it feels that it cannot raise enough labor to meet the demands of the business. For example the business may hire experts on the areas like accounting where it cannot have the expertise in the family. But generally a small family business will use the labor force from the family. (Bork 2003, p. 76) Many of the family business that had started off as small business usually grow over the years and acquire an international standard. Most of them however are usually acquired by other people or they enter into partnership with other multinational companies in order to enhance their management. Therefore at some time, in their lifeline a family business may enter into partnership or get acquired by another businesses altogether in order to enhance their growth. Family businesses do not only reflect the source of income for the family but they also represent important values for the family as well. They communicate an important message about the values and believe of the family and they also show the aspirations of the family. Therefore the way in which these businesses are managed is very important as it determines the way in which they are going to serve and continues. Therefore the management of family business is one of the most important factors in running the business. However management of family business is more complex compared to management of other business due to the fact that there are some emotional bonds that area attached to the running of the business. Therefore one of the challenge that family business faces is the way in which decisions are made as far as the involvement of all the family members is concerned. The management becomes more complicated easily when it comes to the issue of making succession in the business from one generation to the other and the way in which these successions are to be hanged and management. Shirley Plantation Shirley Plantation is one of the oldest family run businesses in the USA. Shirly Plantation first plantation was in 1613 and was recorded as one of the economic engine of the new world. This was after 6 years when the founder John Smith had settled in the town of Jamestown. After that the crown granted carving of Shirley Plantation out of virginer farmers. The business was well established between the period where the settlement in Jamestown was happening and the period between the American independences from Britain in 1776. For all that time it was under the leadership of one family and has been able to survive the Indian uprising, Bacons rebellion, the revolutionary war, The Civil Wars and the Great depression all which has been enabled by efficient management of the company and its resources and the way in which it has been adopting to the changing technology in the world. (Shirley Plantation, 2008a) The company is recorded as the oldest family owned business in North America which dates back to 1638. The construction of its present mansions began in 1724 when Elizabeth Hill who as the great grandfathers of the first

Incident response policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Incident response policy - Essay Example IRT Team Leader:Â  The IRT must have an individual in charge of its activities. The IRT Team Leader will generally be responsible for the activities of the IRT and will coordinate reviews of its actions. This might lead to changes in polices and procedures for dealing with future incidents. IRT Incident Lead: In the event of an incident, one individual responsible for coordinating the response is assigned. The IRT Incident Lead has ownership of the particular incident or set of related security incidents. IRT Incident Lead works as representative to the outside when an incident occurs IRT Associate Members:Â  Besides the core IRT team, you should have a number of specific individuals who handle and respond to particular incidents. Associate members will come from a variety of different departments in Gem Infosys. They should specialize in areas that are affected by security incidents but that are not dealt with directly by the core IRT. The following member can be appointed depending on the incident; Legal Representative: - Apart from accidental virus attack, intruders may also launch attacks. Legal representative comes in to action in such incidents. This member is a lawyer who is very familiar with established incident response policies. The Legal Representative determines how to proceed during an incident with minimal legal liability and maximum ability to prosecute offenders. To be able to recover effectively from an incident, it is needed to determine how seriously the systems have been compromised. This will determine how to further avoid and minimize the risk, how to recover, how quickly and to whom that should communicate the incident. Compare systems to previously conducted file/system integrity checks. This enables you to identify additions, deletions, modifications, and permission and control modifications to the file system and registry. 1. Protect

I Never Promised You a Rose Garden by Joanne Greenberg Essay example --

I Never Promised You a Rose Garden by Joanne Greenberg   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The cold tone of this story starts out right in the beginning and her mother and father are quite distraught because of the daughter’s illness and the fact that they must trust the doctors; they seem to not trust anyone. They even told their own family that Deborah is at convalescent school, not a mental institution. Of course the time period of the book is much earlier than now so it is more understandable why they were upset. Hopefully parents now are less ignorant and would try and be proud of their child to willingly get help. It would be too harsh however to say that Deborah’s parents did not do the best that they could, they just did not even realize that their daughter was mentally sick. They didn’t even know that her peeing herself was the result of a tumor. I can say that the way that they treated her for that was wrong. At least they feel bad or that it is their fault. I think that much more of the blame needs to be placed on the par ents, contrary of what Dr. Fried stated. It is the responsibility of the parents to protect and nurture their children, not to physically punish what it not right.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dr. Fried is a nice women. It is interesting that she was in Nazi Germany. Deborah and her family are Jewish and I feel that this is an important tie. Dr. Fried in able to make progress with Deborah and gain her trust. Dr. Royson has to treat Deborah for awhile when D. Fried is away. He is a much colder person and seems more concerned with proving Deborah wrong than actually getting into her personality and mind frame the way Dr. Fried did. Most of the other people who work in the hospital seem like they are just there to do their job. Dr. Fried, however, seems to be genuinely concerned about her patients. For some reason, there end up being a few folks that inmates or patients constantly torment: Hobbs, who commits suicide, and Ellis, who replaces Hobbs. Deborah tells one of the orderlies that Hobbs and Ellis are just like the patients and that it were all the harassing comes from. MacPherson sets her straight by telling her that some people cannot afford to get help for their problems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I found the other patients very intriguing. They were constantly changing, new one coming in, some getting well and leaving only to return later on. Deborah and another girl even escaped but the... ...d asked for the restraints to be prepared for her because another episode was coming.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Deborah’s internal will and her great perceptiveness was most likely the main reason she started to succeed. Dr. Fried’s relationship with her also played a large role in Deborah’s recovery. Living in the real world at Mrs. Kings and studying to pass the GED may seem like typical thing for most, but this was a huge accomplishment for Deborah. After the last psychotic episode, She wakes up and begins to study. She tells the gods of Yr that she is giving up Yr for good. They remind her of all of the pain that exists because of the â€Å"real world†. â€Å"Full weight,† she said.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think that Deborah is a smart person with a powerful imagination, who makes it through some very real problems. I feel that some of the blame should be directed towards the parents, but I also realize that they have their own problems. Also, this story takes place during a very different time than that we live in today. Hopefully, our society is educated to understand that sometimes there are situations above our own control. We then must look to the medical profession to provide answers to the questions we have.

Brook land

Relationship with our parents is a vital part in our lives. From the time that we are conceived, they have designated or assigned within themselves the responsibilities and obligation they will face upon our birth. They are conscious and knowledgeable about having the duties to give us our basic needs like our food, shelter and clothe that will make us strong to survive the changing world.Parents actually are our guides in our growth, from being a baby who has nothing to do but cry to ask for something, to being a toddler who always plays with the food, an adolescent who seeks freedom especially when pressured by our peers and even if we become adults and already have our legal rights for independence. The love of a parent as they say is incomparable.In what I have experienced and seen among my friends and even with my family, blood relationships are still necessary even if our culture does not obviously close family ties, we can still see how our parents are caring for us by the way they are curious about our dreams and our planned careers especially when we come from the elites. Many publications are distributed world wide to see or show the different family relationships we can witness with our friends, classmates, or even in our own families.The affection, restrictions, commitment and some conflicts are analyzed if not illustrated by the book or literature. Brookland for example, written by Farrar Straus & Giroux, is a story of a father and daughter who has serious and intimate talks regarding the love of a parent to a first born and the succeeding children. As the father mentioned in the book â€Å"†¦a man doesn’t love one child more’n the next.†, I can sense that if I will view the sentence literally, I will feel inferiority to my elder brother or sister if I have any for the love my parents or my father is giving to him/her is more or with greater quality than what I am receiving. But when we analyze the set – ups, it jus t says that parents give their best shot on their first since that is the first time they are going to try roles of being a parent.Even in my life, not in parenting, I can say that if I face a thing first time, I would really try my best to actually have a good performance for the job or the role. The second, third or fourth tries will not require much effort as what I did with the first for I have been accustomed to facing and dealing with it. The passage does not necessarily mean that bias for the children but a realization of the efforts they try to give with their children. A mother’s love for me is very unconditional. Forgiving and forgetting at the same time.I can say that even if a mother treats her children differently, she has the same level of love for them; it just so happen that those who approach their mothers more become closer and look more loved. The book showed an endless love of a person towards people that contributed to her life; passion and motherhood at the same time, molding the minds of the readers of the significance of a motherly care to the weak and enlightenment to the other children. Works Cited Emily Barton. 2006. Review of Brookland. [11 December 2008].

The Victorian Burglary Legislation - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1976 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Impact of Singh v The Queen on the Victorian Burglary Legislation. Introduction The main contentious issues in Singh v The Queen[1] are when should the mens rea element of the crime of burglary be proven to exist for a continuous act or series of acts, should the prosecution prove beyond reasonable doubt the existence of intent to commit the crime of burglary at the time of the first effective entry into the building or part of the building as defined by the Crime Act 1958 (Vic) s 76(1)?[2] And if so, what is the proper interpretation of the phrase à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"part of the buildingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢?[3] To answer these questions, this essay will analyse the current Victorian burglary laws, explore some of the issues which do arise when applying s 76 of the crime act,[4] examine some of the principles formed by various courts during criminal proceedings especially when hearing burglar cases and finally summarise the potential impact of Singh v The Queen[5] case on Victorian Burglary Legislation. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Victorian Burglary Legislation" essay for you Create order Current Victoria Burglary and Aggravated Burglary Laws. Originating from the Common Law and buried at the heart of the Criminal Law is the notion of blameworthiness which states that a criminal conviction connotes a moral evaluation of the defendantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s guilt as deserving sanction.[6] This principle of proving all elements of a criminal offence is referred to as Temporal Coincidence.[7] For the crime of burglary to be established, the current Victorian burglary laws have squarely placed the onus of prove on the prosecution to establish beyond reasonable doubt that the accused had entered a building or part of a building,[8] and at the time of entering the building the accused entered as a trespasser[9] and at the time of entering the accused intended to steal anything in the building or part in question[10] or to commit an offence involving an assault to a person in the building or part in question or involving any damage to the building or to property in the building or part in question.[11] For the aggravated burg lary, the prosecution has to prove that the accused commits a burglary,[12] and at the time the accused has any firearm or imitation firearm, any offensive weapon or any explosive or imitation explosive[13] or at the time of entering the building or the part of the building a person was then present in the building or part of the building and he or she knew that a person was then so present or was reckless as to whether or not a person was then so present.[14] How the courts have formed principle when interpreting burglary laws. The distinctive feature of the criminal law is its dualism in it approach to criminal behaviour.[15] For the accused to be convicted of a criminal offence, the actus reus and mens rea elements must exist at the same time.[16] However, the dualist approach encounters problem in situation where there has been series of act or continuing act. The dilemma is whether a men rea is required for each act. These are the exact issues which exhibited themselves in Singh v The Queen.[17] When deliberating on such cases, judges have apparently applied various approaches which have been categorised into three principles discussed below. Continuing Act and Series of Act Approach When dealing with series of acts, courts tend to treat the accused conduct as one indivisible transaction and that mens rea existed at the time the accused began the series of act.[18] The continuing act approach was clearly displayed in Fagan v Metropolitan Commissioner, [19] where the accused drove his car onto the foot of a police constable. When the victim told Fagan to move his car, he turned off the engine. Fagan eventually moved the car but was convicted for assault. On appeal, Fagan argued that driving onto the constableà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s foot occurred without mens rea. The question before the court was whether there was a coincident of mens rea and actus reus. . The court held that the relevant act was a continuing one, which started with the wheel being driven onto the constableà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s foot and ended with removal.[20] Therefore, assault was formed from the moment intention was produced in the apprehension of the continuing act.[21] There are some cases where the court tends to look at the impact of the accused conducts on victim even though the act might have started without clear evidence of mens rea. However, any intention formed later in the process of initial act could satisfy the existence of the mens rea element of the crime.[22] In cases where the prosecution cannot produce evidence that indicates directly that the accused knew that people were living in the building at the time of entry, the court may ask the jury to infer on the accusedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s knowledge and intention at the time of entry based on motive evidence provided.[23] In Chimirri[24] the appellate court accepted that the accused was already a trespasser and that it was the formation of the intent to assault on the effective entry into the bedroom that made the accused a burglar on entry into that part of the building.[25] Such interpretation is debatable.[26] The Principle of Temporal Coincidence The doctrine of Temporal Coincidence states that the requisite mens rea of an offence must exist at the time of each and every volitional act or omission upon which it is necessary to rely in order to establish the actus reus of the offence.[27] For the prosecutor to press the charges of the aggravated burglary, the liability of the crime of burglary must first be established.[28] However, establishing burglary require that an accused enters a building or a part thereof and possesses the requisite mens reas of knowledge or recklessness as to being a trespasser and the intention to steal or commit one of the prescribed assault or damage offences at the time of entry.[29] Consistent with this principle, Dawnson J in Barker v The Queen stated that the offence of burglary is committed only if, at the time of entry as a trespasser, the entrant has an intent to steal.[30] This view was later made clearer in Doolan v Eaton[31] than in any other case, where the conviction of the crime o f unlawful entry was successfully appealed and the appeal was allowed. For the aggravated burglary, the prosecutor has to establish beyond reasonable doubt that at the time of entry, the accused had a state of mind whereby the accused knew there were people inside the building and had an intention to commit the prohibited volitional act.[32] Therefore, in accordance with the temporal coincidence principle, establishing the intent at the entry is a central requirement for culpability for the offence of aggravated burglary.[33] Applying Evidence of Premeditation or Plan to prove intend Any proven evidence of premeditation or plan of the assault or burglary makes the accused culpable of the aggravated burglary.[34] In Peter John Gale v R[35] the court expressed the view that a plan with expressed purpose of committing an assault can culminate into a very serious offence of the aggravated burglary. Therefore, the act of planning such assault implied that the accused had knowledge of the victim being present in the building, thus the intention mens rea of the offence is present.[36] Interpretation of the Phrase à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Part of a buildingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in s 76 and Development of the Burglary laws in Victoria. The interpretation of the phrase à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"part of a buildingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in s76 has continuously been a subject of debate since the enactment of the Crime Act 1958.[37] It can be argued that the purpose of the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"part of a buildingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in s 76 was not to undermine the principle of Temporal Coincidence but to cover offences of burglary that can occur and do occur in sections or areas of the building where right of entry is limited and the licence of the person is required,[38] especially where a building has been divided into parts with physical partitions or artificially divided with limitation placed and the accused is aware of such limited permission.[39] The Judicial College Victoria in its Criminal Charge Book (2014)[40] has divided the building into two distinctive parts, the part of a building that the accused could lawfully enter, and the remainder of the building.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢[41] The question of whether a room or an area within a building can be treated as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"part of a buildingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ has always been left by judge for jury to decide.[42] However, in many cases, the court interpretation of the Victorian burglary legislation has been purposive rather than literal approach. Potential Impact of Singh v The Queen on the Victorian Burglary Legislation If the appeal is allowed, this case will then set a precedent which may be used as an authority in courts. It may also be used as a defense against aggravated burglary charges in cases where a crime involved series of acts or continuing act. Such an interpretation would be the unintended consequence that was not foreseen by the Victorian Parliament when the legislation was passed. On the contrary, rejecting the appeal will be contravening the principle of the Temporal Coincidence, which is the core of criminal law. This doctrine is imbedded on the question of whether an accused has made an effective entry into a building or part of a building,[43] which then banks on resolving the question of what was the purpose of inserting the phrase à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"part of a buildingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ into s76 of the Crime Act 1958 (Vic).[44] The verdicts for criminal cases are reached when the whole evidence proves the elements of the offence beyond reasonable doubt.[45] But due to lack o f consensus by various courts and among judges when interpreting the phrase à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"part of a buildingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in s 76 of the Crime Act 1958[46] and dilemmas it creates when dealing with a continuing act like the Singh v The Queen [47] case, whichever way the appellate court rule, the Singh v The Queen[48] case has a potential to prompt the Victoria parliament to categorically redefine the phrase à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"part of a buildingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in s 76(1) of the Crime Act 1958 (vic)[49] and such change to the legislation is imminent, it is just a matter of time but it is envisaged that the Victorian parliament will eventually amend the legislation. [1] Singh v The Queen [2013] VSCA 300. [2] Crime Act 1958 (Vic) s 76(1). [3] Ibid. [4] Ibid. [5] Singh v The Queen [2013] VSCA 300. [6] Trisca Mann, Australian Law Dictionary (Oxford University Press, 2nd ed, 2013). [7] Arenson, Ken, Mirko Bagaric, Peter Gillies, Criminal Laws in the Common Law Jurisdictions, (Oxford University Press Australia Higher Education, 3rd Edition,2011)(Emphasis added). [8] Ibid s 76(1); Nash, G., M., Annotated Criminal Legislation Victoria, 2013 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 2014, LexisNexis. [9] Ibid. [10] Crime Act 1958 (Vic) s 76(1)(a). [11] Ibid s 76(1) (b). [12] Crime Act 1958 (Vic) s 77(1). [13] Ibid s 77(1)(a). [14] Ibid s 77(1)(b). [15] Lawskool.com.au. [16] Ryan v The Queen (1967) 121 CLR 205; Simon Bronitt and Bernadette McSherry, Principal of Criminal Law (LBC Information Services, 2001) 161; Arenson et al, above 7, 445. [17] Singh v The Queen [2013] VSCA 300. [18] Thabo Meli v The Queen [1964] 1 WLR 22 8. [19] Fagan v Metropolitan Commissioner [1969] 1 QB 439. [20] Lawskool.com.au. [21] Fagan v Metropolitan Commissioner [1969] 1 QB 439; Lawskool.com.au; See also R V Miller (1983) 2 AC 161. [22] The Queen v Dinsley [2013] VSC 631. [23] R v Steve Verde [2009] VSCA 16. [24] Chimirri [2010] VSCA 57. [25] Ibid, cited in Singh v The Queen [2013] VSCA 300. [26] Singh v The Queen [2013] VSCA 300. [27] Arenson et al, above 7. [28] Crime Act 1958 (Vic) s77(1). [29] Ibid s 76; Arenson et al, above 7, 461. [30] Barker v The Queen (1983) 47 ALR 1 (emphasis in original) (citation omitted). [31] Doolan v Eaton [2011] NTSC 52. [32] R v Hilton Munro [2006] VSCA 94. [33] See especially, Joshua Denman v R [2012] VSCA 261. [34] Pryor v Western Australia [2014] WASCA 143. [35] Peter John Gale v R [2014] VSCA 168. [36] Ibid; David Christopher Smith v R [2013] VSCA 219. [37] Crime Act 1958 (Vic). [38] R v Walkington [1979] 2 All ER; Singh v Th e Queen [2013] VSCA 300. [39] R v Walkington [1979] 2 All ER. [40] Judicial College Victoria, Criminal Charge Book (2014) https://www.judicialcollege.vic.edu.au/eManuals/CCB/index.htm#5141.htm.(citations omitted). [41] Ibid. [42] R v Walkington [1979] 2 All ER. [43] Arenson et al, above 7. [44] Crime Act 1958 (Vic) . [45] Douglass v The Queen [2012] HCA 34. [46] Crime Act 1958 (Vic). [47] Singh v The Queen [2013] VSCA 300. [48] Ibid. [49] Crime Act 1958 (vic) s 76.